2IC8

Crystal structure of a rhomboid family intramembrane protease.

(2006) Nature 444: 179-180

• PubMed: 17051161 Search on PubMed
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05255
• Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
  2IC8


• PubMed Abstract: 
  

  Escherichia coli GlpG is an integral membrane protein that belongs to the widespread rhomboid protease family. Rhomboid proteases, like site-2 protease (S2P) and gamma-secretase, are unique in that they cleave the transmembrane domain of other membrane proteins. Here we describe the 2.1 A resolution crystal structure of the GlpG core domain. This structure contains six transmembrane segments. Residues previously shown to be involved in catalysis, including a Ser-His dyad, and several water molecules are found at the protein interior at a depth below the membrane surface. This putative active site is accessible by substrate through a large 'V-shaped' opening that faces laterally towards the lipid, but is blocked by a half-submerged loop structure. These observations indicate that, in intramembrane proteolysis, the scission of peptide bonds takes place within the hydrophobic environment of the membrane bilayer. The crystal structure also suggests a gating mechanism for GlpG that controls substrate access to its hydrophilic active site.

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Organizational Affiliation: 

Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.